悪性腫瘍19

【臨床症状】70代 検診でγGTPが上昇

【問題】画像所見と診断名は?

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    ▶答えはこちら
    • 胆嚢底部に胆石あり
    • またその周囲にやや濃染される約3cm大の腫瘤影を認める
    • 胆嚢壁外輪郭は平滑なため、T2までと判断できる
    • 上記より胆嚢癌が疑われる
    • 壁外浸潤やリンパ節腫大、転移は認めない
    • その他の特記すべき所見として、両側に傍腎盂嚢胞、S2に肝嚢胞
    • その後、診断確定のために他院紹介し、紹介先で胆嚢癌と診断、治療が行われた

    【胆嚢癌】

    ・胆嚢の壁は正常で1.5mm程度で、3(もしくは5)mm以上あると壁肥厚とされる

    ・胆嚢癌は組織学的には腺癌が9割、扁平上皮癌が1割弱、その他、小細胞癌、印環細胞癌、リンパ腫などがある

    ・扁平上皮癌は浸潤傾向が強く、腺癌と比較して予後が悪い

    ・高齢の女性に多く、胆石や慢性胆嚢炎、膵管胆管合流異常の人に多い

    比較的早期にリンパ節転移やS4に肝転移を来す(胆嚢は粘膜筋板を欠く&リンパ管に富むため)

    また胆嚢静脈経由での肝転移も多く、この場合はS4、S5に転移巣が認められる

    ・肉眼的形態は、乳頭型、結節型、平坦型、充満型、塊状型、その他に分類される

    ・乳頭型、結節型は造影効果のwash out効果が見られる事がある

    ・有茎性は良性が多く、広基性は悪性の可能性が高い

    病期診断で重要なのはT因子で、予後や術式が違ってくるため

    • T1:胆嚢壁内(筋層まで)
    • T2:胆嚢周囲結合織(腹腔側では漿膜下層まで)
    • T3:漿膜浸潤、肝、または肝外の1臓器浸潤(胆管、膵、胃、十二指腸、大網)
    • T4:固有肝動脈、門脈、あるいは肝外の2臓器以上の浸潤
    参考書籍:ジェネラリストを目指す人のための画像診断パワフルガイド 第2版
         肝胆膵の画像診断 -CT・MRIを中心にー