【臨床症状】50代 女性 特に自覚症状はなし
【問題】画像所見と診断名は?
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▶答えはこちら
- MRAのMIPにてACAのA2に5mm程度の嚢状動脈瘤を認める
- MRA元画にても同様に動脈瘤あり
- 他に特記すべき異常所見は無い
- その後CTAを実施、同部位に嚢状動脈瘤を認め、動脈瘤と診断
- 治療のために他院紹介となる
【動脈瘤】
・動脈瘤は形態学的に2つに分類される
- 嚢状動脈瘤(saccular aneurysm):血行学的なストレス(高血圧)などが原因
- 紡錘状動脈瘤(fusiform aneurysm):動脈硬化、解離、血管炎などが原因
・サイズが小さいうちは基本的に無症状だが、増大に伴い脳神経や脳実質の圧迫症状、破裂するとくも膜下出血などを来す
・嚢状動脈瘤の方が頻度は高い
・嚢状動脈瘤の好発部位は次のようなところが有名
- ACAのA1~A2
- ICAのC2付近
- MCAのM1/M2分岐部
- basilar TopなどのBA領域
<大型動脈瘤/巨大動脈瘤>
・長径10mm以上(もしくは15mm以上)の動脈瘤を大型動脈瘤、25mm以上を巨大動脈瘤と定義している
・ICA先端部やMCAの分岐部に多い傾向がある(血行力学的な負荷により)
・動脈瘤の壁や血栓化部分に石灰化を来すこともある
・MRAでは動脈瘤内の血流が乱流しているため信号強度が低い事もあるため過小評価に注意する
参考書籍:よくわかる脳MRI 改定第4版