common disease113

【臨床症状】50代 女性 腹水、胆嚢壁肥厚、体重減少あり

【問題】画像所見と診断名は?

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➡ 造影(動脈相、平衡相)
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➡ 冠状断
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    ▶答えはこちら
    • 軽度の心拡大、少量の心嚢水、両側胸水を認める
    • また動脈相にて右心房から下大静脈への逆流と、肝臓の腫脹も認める
    左から単純、動脈相
    • 胆嚢壁はびまん性に浮腫状に肥厚し、また肝内門脈周囲にはperiportal colorもある
    • これらの所見から心拡大(もしくは心不全)によるうっ血肝を鑑別に挙げる必要がある
    胆嚢壁の浮腫状肥厚とperiportal color

    【うっ血肝】

    ・うっ血肝(congestive liver)は右心不全やBudd-Chiari症候群によって、肝静脈圧の上昇が引き起こされた状態の事

    ・初期では無症状だが、進行すると肝腫大、腹水、黄疸、腹痛(肝腫大によって肝被膜の進展が原因)などが起きる

    ・慢性化すると肝硬変に至る

    ・CT画像所見では、右心不全による下大静脈の拡張、下大静脈あるいは肝静脈への造影剤の逆流、肝腫大、肝実質の濃度低下、periportal colorなどがある

    ・Dynamicでは動脈相から門脈相において斑状、不均一な肝実質の濃染が認められる

    ・同様の所見を認める疾患は、前述のBudd-Chiari症候群や腫瘍による二次的な肝静脈閉塞でも起きる事がある

    参考書籍:ジェネラリストを目指す人のための画像診断パワフルガイド 第2版
         肝胆膵の画像診断 -CT・MRIを中心に-